Friday, August 31, 2007

Will Fed contrary to popular wisdom ?

Central banker’s job is not to prevent recession at any cost but to keep inflation down, to protect the financial system, and to prevent a recession turning into a big slump.

Many hope the Fed will repeat the trick now, just like it did after the dotcom bubble burst. Last time it slashed the rate beyond John Taylor’s recommend then encouraged a house-price boom which offset equity loss and allowed households to borrowing and spending. But to be blamed as the mild recession that breed the current financial trouble.

Some economists believe that recession is the wind of creative destruction and the necessary evil. Recession might be painful with unemployment, lower wages and profit, and bankruptcy, but will weed out inefficient companies and redistribute the capital to new industries. It will be benefit America by purging the excesses of the previous boom and leaving the economy in a healthier state.

“The policy dilemma facing the Fed may not be a choice of recession of no recession. It may be a choice between a mild recession now and nastier one later. Even if a recession were in America’s long-term economic interest, it may be political suicide.”

Will Fed cut the Fed fund rate at 18th of September is still up in the air?



Reference:http://www.economist.com/finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9687245

Taylor Rule:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_rule

Tuesday, August 07, 2007

Harvest for Hope

昨天的聯合報的一則”瓶裝水大戰自來水 全美發燒”,再加上最近一期的經濟學人的”Bottled water and snake oil”,這讓我回想起了在商業周刊1024期裡看到的一篇書摘,這篇書摘節錄自珍古德博士在2005年11月寫的一本書書名叫做” Harvest for Hope: A Guide to Mindful Eating”〈台灣翻作用"用心飲食”並在今年7月由大塊文化翻譯出版〉。

聯合報是這樣寫的”自從舊金山市長紐森六月以瓶裝水不經濟、不環保而嚴禁公家單位購用瓶裝水,並帶動全美許多城市效法以來,瓶裝水和自來水之戰日益沸騰….美國去年用將近二百萬噸塑膠製造瓶子….根據統計,瓶裝水瓶回收率是一成到二成,其餘全在作踐環境….美國法律管制自來水的標準比瓶裝水還嚴格,自來水如果合乎標準,就安全又便宜,不傷環境,又不用卡車、船、火車運送,幹嘛花這種冤枉錢。”

珍古德博士書中提到,生產一公斤的寶特瓶要用掉17.5公斤的水,事實上,製造寶特瓶所用掉的水比實際裝進瓶子裡的水還要多;1999年全國資源保護協會〈National Resources Defense Council〉公佈一項為期四年的研究,發現取樣的罐裝水中有五分之ㄧ含有已知的神經毒素和致癌物質,另外研究發現在取樣的103個罐裝水品牌中有三分之一含砷及大腸桿菌的現象。

經濟學人說,根據研究顯示自來水比很多瓶裝水都來的乾淨。估計有40%的瓶裝水水源是自來水,但裝瓶後的水其身價馬上千倍於自來水;在油價高漲的今日,一公升的瓶裝水其售價還是遠高於汽油,另外,我們沒有想到的是這一瓶瓶的水在製造、裝瓶、運送、回收、棄置等的過程中所需耗費的是多麼龐大的資源。

當然消費者自有其選擇,人們會買瓶裝水自然是認為它比自來水來的安全與乾淨,透過大企業的控管來取代這生活必需品在公共的配送網絡裡面遭受汙染的疑慮,這是人們對政府和公共事業的不信任感。還有,瓶裝水對大部分的人而言是便利的。

或許如珍古德博士所言,在日常生活的時候我們可以買一個好的濾水器裝在家裡,買一個瓶子自己從家裡裝水隨身攜帶;這樣或許少了一點便利,但對地球的永續發展卻是正面的。

愛地球就從自己做起。


聯合報報導:
http://www.udn.com/2007/8/6/NEWS/WORLD/WOR4/3958264.shtml
http://www.udn.com/2007/8/5/NEWS/WORLD/WOR4/3957595.shtml

經濟學人相關文章:
http://www.economist.com/daily/columns/businessview/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9569968

珍古德博士的”用心飲食”:
http://e-info.org.tw/node/24561
http://www.harvestforhope.com/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua_Ortega